The Ghost of PowerPoints Past: Multimedia Principles

When it comes to multimedia learning, our understanding vastly evolves from our initial workings. From my early days of working with multimedia tools, I can reflect on numerous instances where I used multimedia ineffectively for convenience rather than enhancing the learning experience.

Split Attention Principle: Including images that depict the text creates barriers for learners as they have to constantly switch between text and images. Gauging the right amount of text can be a difficult process that takes lots of trial and error. Below is a PowerPoint I constructed in 2015.

Redundancy principle: This was a principle that surprised me to learn is ineffective. Prior to further investigating, it was my understand that being redundant is effective in processing information for learners, that it helps learners that prefer speech vs. those who prefer text.

Signalling: This has been a key skill in helping me condense text when creating multimedia tools as this allows for me to step back and highlight crucial information and concepts that the learner will understand and are queued to understand.

Interactive Effect: In our current online teaching environment this is an important tool that is often left behind. During synchronous learning sessions that are not recorded, students have immense difficulty listening to 3-hour lectures without any pause button, this follows the segmented principle approach. As a CAL (Center for Accessible Learning) student myself, this can create major barriers in the online learning environment.

For more information, check out the following video highlighting the Multimedia Principles.

References:

Mayer, Richard E. “Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning.” The Cambridge Handbook of Multimedia Learning. Ed. Richard E. Mayer. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2014. 43-71. Print. Cambridge Handbooks in Psychology.


Mayer, Richard E., and Logan Fiorella. “Principles for Reducing Extraneous Processing in Multimedia Learning: Coherence, Signaling, Redundancy, Spatial Contiguity, and Temporal Contiguity Principles.” The Cambridge Handbook of Multimedia Learning.Ed. Richard E. Mayer. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2014. 279-315. Print. Cambridge Handbooks in Psychology.

The Universe in our Classrooms

Image retrieved from Unsplash

The Covid-19 pandemic rapidly transformed online learning and the potential to further explore online learning. Augmented reality allows for students to tangibly online or virtually, it can take students to space to learn about the solar system or view plate tectonics in their hands.  

Digital pedagogy would highly benefit from the implementation of augmented reality in real life. From my year-long co-op term working at the LTIS division at UVIC, I came across numerous courses at UVIC that would highly benefit from augmented reality. In particular Anthropology which requires immense analysis of bones, in offline classes they would often analyze these in real time and professors teaching these courses would have difficulty integrating this to the online environment. Augmented reality has become more affordable in recent years after the 1980s once the general public was exposed more to augmented reality  this became a possibility (Elmqaddem, 2019, 236).  Software like ARVRinEDU, offer these effects from tablet devices, offering the opportunity to the public and in the classroom environment for augmented reality (Torchia, 2021). Software like these give opportunities to students for more hands-on learning as they would in a typical offline environment. 

Augmented reality infographic set with augmented reality applications symbols flat vector illustration

While AR software has benefits for the online learning environment and in addition to the classroom environment offers additional support to the learning experience, they often require some degree of support in the classroom and should not replace in-person classrooms overall. Many students face barriers such as digital immigrant parents who are unable to provide technical support with the augmented reality experience. It is integral that with the implementation of augmented reality into classrooms we take into account educating digital immigrants with this experience. 

References

Elmqaddem, N. (2019). Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality in Education. Myth or Reality?. International Journal Of Emerging Technologies In Learning (Ijet), 14(03), 234. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v14i03.9289

Torchia, R. (2021). Q&A: Virtual Reality Considerations in the Post-Pandemic World. Technology Solutions That Drive Education. Retrieved 30 May 2021, from https://edtechmagazine.com/k12/article/2021/05/qa-virtual-reality-considerations-post-pandemic-world.

Assignment 1 Comments

Elias:

Hey Elias!

Awesome post! I enjoyed how you were able to integrate dual code theory into your post. The entire piece was very well-written and engaging in depicting the value of screen casting. I also loved how you were able to incorporate a video and a infographic in the post. Well done can’t wait to read more!

https://eseto.opened.ca/category/multimedia/edci337-blog/

Molly:

Hi Molly!
Awesome work! I love the infographic you were able to incorporate in your post, its a perfect example of learning being able to better understand these tougher concepts with visuals that can help break them down. I also like how you included your citations at the end (not only to reference) but this gives readers more external resources they can easily access. Looking forward to reading more work!

Tianna: Hi Tianna!

I love how you were able to relate this weeks blog to your field and inquiry-based learning. You can clearly tell that you’re very passionate about your field and it went through in your writing and was able to ground my understanding of inquiry-based learning as a result of you using real-life concrete examples. Keep up the good work!

Elias: I love how you were able to embed a reading directly into your post and the overall flow of your blog was fantastic by introducing the theory first and then delving into the Pokemon Go example it was able to set the stage for the reader and then break down the concepts better. In the future it would be great to see more images from the game to help illustrate this just a bit more and have a tangible visual of the game.

MOLLY: I really loved how you revised the powerpoints you had from other classes and were able to integrate that flawlessly throughout the reading. This really allows a tangible example for the reader to draw on. I also really enjoyed the overall structure, how you went from Introducing the video, the theories, and then complied your own list of helpful tips for users, this made the whole blog more educational, making it more hands on. One thing I think you could work on is condensing the blog down, it was a tad bit long, and I believe we should be aiming for 250 words in the class.

Destined for Failure: Neuromyths

Image retrieved from VeryWellMind

Growing up in a household consumed by pragmatic, logical thinkers, I was an anomaly, an “odd man out” for my love of theatre, writing, and all things arts. My evitable decision to pursue a Bachelor of Arts degree was justified by my family as being a “right brain thinker”. This was a fate I was always destined to approach because of my high achieving grades in English and Social Sciences in comparison to the Sciences and Maths like the rest of my family.

In classroom environments, we can recall the notorious designation of being a “gifted” child, a “left brained” thinker that other children admired awed at. I was always in rival and encouraged to aspire to be “gifted” but this was unattainable as a “right brain” persona.

These notions that daunted by childhood are grounded in the work of psychologists like Robert Ornstein who hypothesized claims that Western cultures were dominated by left hemisphere individuals while Eastern cultures were right, a concept that in itself is underlying in a colonial fashion (OCED, 2021, para. 6). This would lead to the popular neuro-myth that left brained individuals have cognitive styles and personality types that are more analytical and logical while right brained creative and emotional (Center for Educational Neuroscience 2021, para 1). Later studies would show that hemisphere is does not excludeone side. While this neuromyth has major drawbacks and miscalculations, it created the fundamentals for holistic teaching we have today that has allowed for me to thrive, regardless of any neuromyth.

In the classroom environment by integrating more creative learning strategies that take a more holistic approach, Principles of Multimedia Learning highlights the impact of cognitive theory of multimedia learning that effective help effectively translate information to all students, either left-brained nor right-brained.

References

Left brain versus right brain thinkers. Centre for Educational Neuroscience. (2021). Retrieved 23 May 2021, from http://www.educationalneuroscience.org.uk/resources/neuromyth-or-neurofact/left-brain-versus-right-brain-thinkers/.

Neuromyth 6 – OECD. Oecd.org. (2021). Retrieved 23 May 2021, from https://www.oecd.org/education/ceri/neuromyth6.htm.

Principles of Multimedia Learning – Center for Teaching and Learning | Wiley Education Services. Center for Teaching and Learning | Wiley Education Services. (2021). Retrieved 24 May 2021, from https://ctl.wiley.com/principles-of-multimedia-learning/.

Very Well Mind. (2017). Left Brain vs. Right Brain Dominance Is the analytical-creative separation true or false? [Image]. Retrieved 24 May 2021, from https://www.verywellmind.com/left-brain-vs-right-brain-2795005.